1.National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)โ
Here a video clip of NASA works:-
NASA. It is arguably the biggest and most active space agency in the world. The US government launched the agency in 1958. Its first major project was the launch of Project Mercury. This mission was the first Human spaceflight operation that the United States of American launched.
The biggest NASA expedition is the 1969 Apollo mission. It was the first mission to put a man on the moon. Currently, NASA focuses on a diverse array of missions. These include understudying climate change, the effects on the sea level, and other natural occurrences across the face of the Earth.
NASA is also consistently exploring the rest of our solar system. In 2015, NASA successfully launched the New Horizons spacecraft. Its mission is to flyby Pluto. It also launched the Juno Spacecraft. In 2016, it went into Jupiter to understand more about the planet. NASA does many types of missions. They include remote-controlled Earth satellites, Robotic missions to the Moon, the Skylab Orbital Workshop, and Robotic missions to other planets.
NASA is also composed of four mission directorates โ
- Aeronautics Research for developing advanced aviation technologies
- Science for studying the origin and evolution of Earth, solar system, and the universe.
- Space Technology for developing space explorations technologies and space science.
- Human Exploration and Operation dealing with the management of manned space programs, including those to the ISS, launch-related missions, space communications, and transportations.
To Learn More NASA link is given:-https://www.nasa.gov/
2.Indian Space Research Organisation(ISRO)-
A video clip of ISRO PSLV -C52
ISRO is one of the top 5 space agencies in the world. In addition, it is the first asian space agency to reach the Mars. In fact, it was the first space agency to achieve this on the first attempt on November, 2013 when the Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM or Mangalyaan), was launched.[5] Currently, ISRO has one of the largest fleets of communication and remotely-controlled satellites in the world.
ISRO was formed in 1969, after the Indian National Committee for Space Research (INCOSPAR) fell apart. To date, ISCO has launched a total of 75 spacecraft into space. The space agency has also been involved directly with some 46 launch missions. Currently, ISRO also manufactures and launches satellites into space. It also provides commercial space services through its subsidiary company-Antrix Corporation Limited (ACL).
To learn more ISRO link given :-https://www.isro.gov.in/
3.ย European Space Agency (ESA)โ
A video clip Envisat: 20 years after launch of ESA
The European Space Agency is one of the biggest and top 10 space agencies in the world. It currently works with Arianespace, a multinational company, to launch numerous spacecraft into the lower Earth orbit. Originally, an inter-governmental organization formed by 10 European member states established it in 1975. However, the ESA has expanded to become one of the largest of the top 10 space agencies, with current membership states standing at 22 member states. The top European member countries include: Austria, Belgium, Germany, Greece, Italy, Ireland and France.
In addition, some countries outside of agency are actively working in conjunction with the agency including: Canada, Slovakia, Malta, Cyprus, and Lithuania. The first scientific mission embarked upon by ESA was the launch of Cos-B in 1975. Its first communication satellite, OTS-2, went into orbit in 1978
To know more visit official website:-https://www.esa.int/
4.Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos)โ
The Russian Federal Space Agency is one of the primary members of the International Space Stations (ISS) and one of the top 10 space agencies in the world. Most of its programs focus on the development of new space vehicles launchers as well as numerous ground-based space components and infrastructures. Roscosmos has done several space missions including: Koronas Foton, Spektr RG, and Spektr R.
In 1992, the Russian Aviation and Space Agency formed Roscosmos. The agencyโs roots come from the old Soviet Union where it formed in the 1930s but dissolved in 1991. Cosmos was on the path to becoming the largest space agency in the world. However, its financial difficulties in its early years caused it to close down 2001.
TO know more visit official website :-https://www.space.com/22724-roscosmos.html
5.China National Space Administration (CNSA)โ
The China National Space Administration has grown to become one of the biggest and top 5 space agencies in the world. This is especially true in the fields of communication satellites and Earth observation satellites. CNSA is also develops and launches space shuttles.
In 2003, China decided to join the United States and Russia in the top-tier elite group of space capabilities. The following decade followed with many Chinese space missions. By September 2008, Chinese national โ Zhai Zhigang, became the first Chinese person to take part in a spacewalk. Afterward, in September 2011, China launched its first space station, through its Zhengzhou program. Additionally, the Zhengzhou 10 launched in June 2013. Lastly, in December 2013, the Chinese Change 3 mission landed on the moon.
China has made the greatest leaps in its space program between December 2011 and 2013. However, its history in space administration dates back to 1950โs. In addition, it launched its first spacecraft in 1970.
To know more visit its official website:-http://www.cnsa.gov.cn/english/
6.SpaceX-
Space Exploration Technologies Corp. (doing business as SpaceX) is an American aerospace manufacturer, a provider of space transportation services, and a communications corporation headquartered in Hawthorne, California. SpaceX was founded in 2002 by Elon Musk with the goal of reducing space transportation costs to enable the colonization of Mars. SpaceX manufactures the Falcon 9 and Falcon Heavy launch vehicles, several rocket engines, Cargo Dragon, crew spacecraft, and Starlink
A decade ago, no one would have believed that a private company can compete with government space agencies. But the ambition, dedication and hard work of SpaceXโs team have literally changed peopleโs minds.
The company has achieved several milestones that no other private space agency has managed to do so far:
- First privately funded liquid propellant rocket (Falcon 1) reached orbit in 2008
- First private company to send spacecraft to the ISS (Dragon in 2012)
- First propulsive landing for an orbital rocket (Falcon 9 in 2015)
- First successful reuse of an orbital rocket (Falcon 9 in 2017)
Today, SpaceX is known as the most successful private American aerospace manufacturer and space transportation services company.
To more learn about it visit its official website by given link:-https://www.spacex.com/