What are Immune System, Antibodies, Antigens and T Cells?

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The body’s immune system understands the difference between itself and its foreigners, whenever an external bacteria, virus, or pathogen attacks the body, then this immune system becomes active.

The body of living beings has evolved in such how that when any crisis comes thereon, the method of saving it automatically starts. In this, the system of the body incorporates a hand. The immune system of the body understands the difference between itself and its foreigners, whenever an external bacteria, virus, or pathogen attacks the body, this immune system gets activated and starts the process of defense against pathogens. If seen, this immune system is very complex and is spread throughout the body. Let us try to know the answers to some important and basic questions related to this:

What is Immune System?

the immune system is the internal immune system of the body that protects the body from external threats. As soon as an endemic, bacteria or pathogen invades the body, this technique automatically gets activated and starts the method of defense against them. it’s a complex system, which is spread throughout the body. It contains many chemicals and different kinds of cells, which add alternative ways to safeguard the body. It is not that it occurs only in humans, it also occurs in other organisms which protect the body from infection.

What are Immune System, Antibodies, Antigens and T Cells?
Immune System, Antibodies, Antigens and T Cells

What is Antibody?

Antibodies are protein compounds made within the body, which our system produces to neutralize microbes within the body. Sometimes it takes several weeks for antibodies to make after infection. These also are called antibody immunoglobulins (LGs). the only antibody is Y-shaped, consisting of 4 polypeptide chains. These antibodies protect the body from bacteria by removing antigens.

These are of 5 types:

  1. Immunoglobulin M
  2. Immunoglobulin G
  3. immunoglobulin E
  4. Immunoglobulin D
  5. immunoglobulin A

Why are antibodies important for the body?

When a person becomes infected with a virus or pathogens, their body starts producing antibodies against the virus that fights that virus. People who do not make antibodies against the virus or infection means that their immunity is weak, while those whose body makes antibodies within two weeks of recovery, it lasts for many years. This means that their immunity is strong. This happens with coronavirus as well.  that an individual who has recovered from this disease can donate plasma.

What are T Cells?

There are two types of white blood cells in the body, which are called lymphocytes. Both these cells are important for the immune response. They are made in the bone marrow. When the body is attacked by an antigen, these B cells identify that antigen. At the same time, only these T-cells do the work of fighting it. This cell defends the body from various pathogens. When a germ, such as a bacterium, virus, etc. enters the body, it produces a type of antibody. This antibody combats and destroys the germ. After its formation, this cell goes to the thymus gland or thymus gland, where it develops. That’s why they are called T cells.

What are antigens?

Antigens are internal and external materials that activate the body’s immune system to produce antibodies. It can be any element present in the environment such as chemicals, bacteria, viruses, or other pathogens. These are harmful to the body. Its presence in the body is a sign that the body’s immune system has been forced to make antibodies to fight off an external attack. Usually, antigens are germs outside the body. Whereas sometimes antigens are produced inside the body on their own which are called autoantigens.

Also, read- 80 Surprising facts of Health of The Human Body

What is the difference between Vaccine and Antibody?

Vaccines are chemicals that aid the body develop antibodies. Whereas in contrast antibodies help to fight against pathogens, which are developed by the system.

What is their role against Kovid-19?

Antibodies play a crucial role in fighting and destroying pathogens. Since covid-19 is additionally an infection caused by a pestilence. In such a situation, the antibodies present within the body play a vital role in its prevention. Once people whose body is infected with a deadly disease after developing antibodies against them, then their ability to fight against that virus increases. This also applies to the coronavirus.


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